Farmer producer organisations (FPO) can act as an important institutional mechanism to organise small and marginal farmers. In light of this, identify the challenges faced by the FPOs and suggest the measures for their improvement. 10 marks

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https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/nabard-agrarian-distress-farmers-protest-farm-laws-7222830/
In the intro, mention the declining holding size in India.
In the body, mention the challenges faced by the FPO-lack of technical skill, management skills, inadequate access to credit, lack of risk mitigation measures etc. In the measures mention that Banks must have structure products for FPOs, linking with input companies, using FPOs to augment the size of the land.
Conclude by mentioning the need to improving the FPOs to increase the bargaining power of the FPOs.

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