Author: Root

Update:

Students have to post answers in the comment section of this post only and not on the individual question. Post each answer separately with your purchase ID.

Reviews will be provided in 48 hours.

For the philosophy of AWE and payment, check  here: Click2Join

Question 1)

Discuss the Key features of the Mughal Paintings? How did it reflected the contemporary socio-cultural and political realities? (150 words/10 marks)

Question 2)

What do you mean by anti-defection law? Do you think it protects defector more instead preventing defections? Give argument in favour of suitably amending the said law. (150 words/10 marks)

Question 3)

What do you understand by ‘convective storms’? Why are they climatically atypical?(250 words/15 marks)

Question 4)

Discipline generally implies following the order and subordination. However, it may be counter-productive for the organisation. Discuss. (150 words/10 marks)

Click on each question to write the answer to that particular question. Do NOT write your answers in the comment section of this post.

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Question 1)

Discuss the similarities & differences between Dravida type of architecture and Vesara type of architecture? (150W/10M)

Question 2)

Do you think Article 35A should be abolished? Critically comment. (150W/10M)

Question 3)

Stubble burning seriously affects the environment very badly causing serious health hazards in people. What do you mean by stubble burning and what are its effects on environment? What measures should be taken by the Government to persuade farmers not to follow this practice? Discuss. (250W/15M)

Question 4)

Conflict of interest in the public sector arises when (a) official duties, (b) public interest, and (c) personal interest are taking priority one above the other. How can this conflict in administration be resolved? Describe with an example. (150W/10M)

Click on each question to write the answer to that particular question. Do NOT write your answers in the comment section of this post.

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Question 1)

Account for the failure of the Indian Powers in resisting British Imperialism. (150W/10M)

Question 2)

It is commented that Pressure groups tend to empower the already powerful. Thus, they increase rather than reduce political inequality. Do you agree with this view. Critically discuss? (150W10M)

Question 3)

Critically examine the failures and achievements of Demonetization in its second year. How far do you think it has been successful in its aims and aspirations? (250W/15M)

Question 4)

Increased national wealth did not result in equitable distribution of its benefits. It has created only some “enclaves of modernity and prosperity for a small minority at the cost of the majority.” Justify. (150W/10M)

Click on each question to write the answer to that particular question. Do NOT write your answers in the comment section of this post.

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Question 1)

Multiculturalism is before anything else a theory about culture and its value. Suggest approaches to further reinforce India’s multiculturalism? (150W/10M)

Question 2)

Why the Government of India Act of 1858 is also known as the Act of Good Governance? Mention some of its provisions to support your statement(s). (150W/10M)

Question 3)

Resource distribution is a key factor influencing its price. Justify this statement in the context of contemporary crude oil prices. (150W/10M)

Question 4)

One of the tests of integrity is complete refusal to be compromised. Explain with reference to a real life example. (150W/10M)

Click on each question to write the answer to that particular question. Do NOT write your answers in the comment section of this post.

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Question 1)

Distinguish between the twin concept of Imperialism and Colonialism and identify the three distinct ages of British colonial in India. (250W/15M)

Question 2)

Especially since the 14th Finance Commission award, the existence of ‘Special Category States’ has been called into question. Examine? (150W/10M)

Question 3)

Highlighting the water-stressed regions of India, discuss how reforming agriculture will go a long way in ensuring water security in India. (250W/15M)

Question 4)

Ethics Case Study: You are the DM of a district. The education and health inspector of the region has submitted a report which stated that the local goons and people of the so called higher caste are not allowing ASHAs and school teachers to provide facilities to the downtrodden people. They sell the education and health kits in open market and even sarpanch is not able to take action due to social boundations. 1. What will be your course of action? Evaluate each with respective merits and demerits. (250W/15M)

Click on each question to write the answer to that particular question. Do NOT write your answers in the comment section of this post.

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Question 1)

Prohibiting women entry and worshiping in spaces dominated by male custodian of religion is not just a matter of violating women’s equality in matters of faith but also their dignity and continuation of male appropriation of religion. Critically analyse in the context of recent landmark judgment given by Supreme Court. (250W/15M)

Question 2)

What are the merits of the idea of conducting simultaneous elections for state assemblies and Parliament? Are there compelling reasons for India to consider this option? Critically examine. (150W/10M)

Question 3)

What are the myths and realities associated with GM food? Do you think India should maintain its still-rich genetic diversity for the future of our agriculture instead of going for GM crops? Critically comment. (150W/10M)

Question 4)

What do you mean by SMART Governance? Highlight its significance in the context of Indian Bureaucracy. (150W/10M)

Click on each question to write the answer to that particular question. Do NOT write your answers in the comment section of this post.

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Question 1)

Trace the evolution of different land revenue systems in different parts of British India. (250W/15M)

Question 2)

How is the National Green Tribunal (NGT) different from the regular judiciary? Critically analyse the performance of the NGT with respect to its mandate.(250W/15M)

Question 3)

The double burden of malnutrition threatens India’s demographic dividend. Assess India’s strategy to counter the same.(150W/10M)

Question 4)

Examine the relevance of the following in the context of civil service citing examples. (10 Marks) a)Probity b)Taking Accountability c)Delegation d)Developing Others e)Consultation and Consensus Building

Click on each question to write the answer to that particular question. Do NOT write your answers in the comment section of this post.

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Question 1)

Why did the February Revolution in 1917 ultimately fail? What were the consequences for Russia of the failure of Kerensky’s Provisional Government? (250 W/15M)

Question 2)

Discuss the problems that impeded the integration of the princely states into the Indian Union. How were these problems tackled? (250W/15M)

Question 3)

While Globalization has destroyed many traditional practices and Industries in India it has also given new lease of life to some of them who were on the ventilator. Examine. (250W/15M)

Question 4)

What do you mean by Emotional Intelligence? How will you apply emotional intelligence in administrative practices? (150W/10M)

Click on each question to write the answer to that particular question. Do NOT write your answers in the comment section of this post.

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Question 1)

While social movements seek to bring in social change, counter movements sometimes arise in defence of status quo. Comment and bring examples to support your point.       (150W/10M)

Question 2)

It is said that article 239AA gives responsibility without power to the Delhi Government? Do you agree with the view? What should be done to remove this anomaly? (150W/10M)

Question 3)

RTI Amendment Bill 2018 will make CICs servile subordinates of the central Government? Examine (150W/10M)

Question 4)

Young people with ethical conduct are not willing to come forward to join active politics. Suggest steps to motivate them to come forward. (150W/10M)

Dear students,

This week we launched the AWE program and we’ve seen a tremendous response. Though we had earlier rejected the idea of the daily answer writing, we now understand its importance especially for those who are not confident about going for the elaborate Mains Guidance Program.

This month also saw the launch of our ios application. It is not perfect and is a work in progress. It has limited features but our ios audience will now have access to the most important content. An ipad compatible version is on its way.

While many new initiatives are in the pipeline, we wanted to reach out to our students to what lies in our journey ahead.

A traditional coaching would take over 1.5L for a 1-year program. Neither do they revamp their content depending upon observed trends, nor do they provide any personalized attention. you are stuck in a classroom full of 500 students. The teacher is accessible but it requires you to either catch him/her after the class or schedule an appointment. There is no standard 1-1 interaction time thus discouraging interactions.

We want to change all of that. We are constantly working towards improving our offerings. We want to get better at guessing the precise questions that will be asked in both prelims and mains. We want our students to prepare better so they can handle adverse situations. Our Mains Guidance Program has institutionalized 1-1 interaction with the mentors. 

Moreover, we are trying to get the best people with a proven track record to help you out. Vipul Sir conducting our Essay Program is an IPS officer while Pritam Sir for the AWE has appeared for 3 interviews. These are solid guys capable of uplifting your preparation to a whole new level.

Not to forget, we are doing all this at almost 1/2 the price of similar programs.

The goals we have set out to achieve are not easy. We want to spend more time talking to you, discussing your strategy and your level of preparedness. And we are nowhere near perfect. But we are evolving and strengthening our frameworks. In the coming days, you will see further fine-tuning of our initiatives. 

Having said that, end of the day, our support has to be backed by ruthless efforts from you. You have to be consistent. We are always pushing our students to attempt tests, to be regular with lectures. Hopefully, such messages will put you back on track.

Good luck.

Click on each question to write the answer to that particular question. Do NOT write your answers in the comment section of this post.

For the philosophy of AWE and payment, check  here: Click2Join

Question 1)

What is the Indian Ocean Dipole? Explain its connection with the Indian monsoons

Question 2)

The fourth industrial revolution will be based on artificial intelligence which in turn depends on ‘data’. What are the factors affecting the location of AI industry globally? Where does India stand in this context?

Question 3)

INF Treaty has been one of the major missile control treaty between Washington and Moscow which also has significant contribution to end the cold war. Analyse the pros and cons of United Nations withdrawal from INF Treaty.

Question 4)

What is ‘justice’? What are its different kinds?

Click on each question to write the answer to that particular question. Do NOT write your answers in the comment section of this post.

For the philosophy of AWE and payment, check  here: Click2Join

Question 1)                       

Comment on the nature of separation of powers envisaged by the constitution of India. How successful has been the constitutional scheme in the Indian context? Discuss.   

Question 2) 

Despite war-mongering and aggressive rhetoric on an upswing in international politics in recent years, diplomacy has remained critical. Comment. 

Question 3)

Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) could play strong substantive role in Geo-politics amid various challenges in fostering co-operation among the countries of the two continents. Analyze.

Question 4) 

Ethics: “Ethics is not just law rather it is broader than the law”. Do you agree? Discuss with suitable examples?

As a part of our Essay Test Series, we are conducting an open test so students can get their hands dirty.

1. Submissions are open till Thursday (1 November 2018) midnight. The sooner you submit, the earlier it will be reviewed
2. The top 10 entries will be announced by next week
3. Vipul Shrivastava Sir, IPS will discuss top 10 entries, what they did well, what they didn’t in a video discussion
4. Submissions will be via comments (below this post)
5. As you can see, the topics are in line with the pattern asked this year.

Be innovative, make a point, get noticed

Topics here

Part A

1. If you want to test a man’s character, give him power
2. Should religion be limited to only private sphere

Part B

1. Should India adopt a more aggressive foreign policy
2. Virtual reality: Boon or Bane

The only daily answer writing program that you’ll ever need. Under the aegis of Pritam Sir who has faced 3 UPSC interviews. Scored exceptionally well in all Essay and GS papers during his attempts.

Daily Answer Writing for Mains has always been a point of contention at Civilsdaily. Essentially, it suffered from the following issues that made it a bad deal for the students.

1. Forming questions from today’s news – Questions asked in UPSC are generally on an overarching theme. Very rarely will you find a question based on just one single op-ed or news item.
2. Repetition of questions – As an issue updates with time, the answers become obsolete. That is why it is more important to frame questions on issues when 3-4 articles have already been written on them.

Moreover, the issue that we see with other platforms is that they post similar questions every 2nd 3rd day. Follow the example at the end to understand what we are talking about

1. Quality of both questions and answer checking – If we are making questions every day, they will not be intelligent. They will come directly from op-ed/news headings.
2. The unreliability of peer reviews – Peer reviews cannot be relied upon and show a lot of variabilities. It is very important that you get feedback from someone experienced when it comes to your style, content, and presentation.

However, we have come to realize that many students do see a value in practicing questions every day. It keeps the momentum going and incrementally builds a database of questions and answers that can be used for Mains.

So we have tried to create a program that is truly effective.

1. We have roped in a UPSC Veteran.

2. We will ask 4 questions every day covering GS 1,2,3,4. Questions will cover both contemporary and static part. 1 question will be from ethics. Questions will not be specific or formed from op-ed titles. Instead, they will be broad-based aligned with the UPSC pattern.

3. There will be a guaranteed detailed review of the answers written by the paid subscribers. Review of free subscribers will depend on the time available with mentors. Priority will be given to students who engage in peer reviews. 

4. Approach and Model answer to be published and will be accessible to all. 

5. Dedicated telegram groups for doubts and monthly call post writing answers for paid subscribers.

6. Free Monthly AWE Magazine with questions and sample solutions.

Program Details

Duration of the Program: 10 months

15th October – 28th Feb (Phase 1) – We stop 3 months before prelims. 

15th June – 31st August (Phase 2) – We stop a month before mains. 

7 month program. 

1. The program will operate on the Weekdays. Saturdays and Sundays will be off to allow students to contribute to other programs during the weekends.

2. Answers submitted after the last day of every month will not be considered for review. We do not guarantee when they will be reviewed but we will try to do so.

3. The program will start from the 5th of every month. 1st-4th will be kept to clear the backlog.

4. We will follow a monthly cycle. Meaning you enroll for a particular month. If you join on the 9th of December, you will have access to the month of December from the first day to the last day of December. It will *NOT* be from 9th December to 9th January. You will be expected to manage the time to submit the answers for the days you’ve missed.

5. Students joining after 25th of a particular month can opt for AWE for the next month. Meaning – if you join on 26th of November, you have the option of enrolling for the month of December(1st to last day of December). Students who join on the 23rd of November will have close to 18 days to submit all answers for the month of November. We believe it is a good enough time to clear the backlog.  

6. We are committed to providing you reviews ASAP. But we will keep a 1-week deadline for students submitting their answers on the same day and a 2-week deadline for students submitting their answers late. This is to ensure that we don’t compromise on the quality just to stick to a deadline. It is better to get a proper review than to get a quicker review.

As you can see the focus of the programme will not be on the quantity but the quality of questions and model answers.

Monthly Rs. 1k + taxes: Click2Join

Yearly Rs 8K + taxes: Click2Join

(Comes out to be Rs. 13/review which is nothing for the time and effort our mentors will be putting in)

Example

On a well-known site, the question on data localization has been asked 5 times in the last 2-3 months.

Let us further illustrate our point with an example:

Superfluous Questions from the well-known website

Q.) What do you understand by data localisation? Discuss the importance of data localisation for India and analyze India’s present and proposed policies related to data localisation with respect to their effectiveness?

Q.) The debate on data localisation must not be reduced to a simple binary of whether data localisation is good or bad. Comment.

Repeated – Q.) What do you understand by data localisation? Discuss the importance of data localisation for India and analyze India’s present and proposed policies related to data localisation with respect to their effectiveness?

Our Selected Question?

Q.) What do you understand by Data localization? Recently Draft Data protection bill and Draft E-commerce policy has recommended localisation of data. Can data localization help protect Indian national and economic interests?

Essay Paper in UPSC can be tricky. It requires a mentor with both wide knowledge and a sense of what is expected by UPSC to score high marks.

Hence, we roped in Vipul Sir. He is serving as an IPS officer presently.

During his time, he had consistently scored the highest marks in Essay papers in consecutive attempts. He is extremely well read and his proximity to the government helps him identify key focus areas better than others.

He stays humble and down to earth always willing to help young aspirants achieve their dreams. We couldn’t have asked for a better mentor than him. His video on tips is as follows –

10% discount for all students joining on or before November 15

30% discount for CD Prime Prelims Test Series Subscribers

20% discount for other old students of our paid programs

Join Comprehensive Essay Guidance Program here: Click2Join

Join Sectional Tests Essay Guidance Program here: Click2Join

The importance of essays for the exam cannot be underscored.

While the performance of students is more or less the same in GS papers (especially 1,2,3), they have an excellent shot at scoring over 150+ in essays which could spearhead them to the top

Practicing essays can also be the best way to consolidate what you’ve read so far and make good revision notes helping you for both prelims and mains GS papers as well

Writing good essays can be very challenging. Time and again we’ve received many queries from students like

1. Reviews provide additional points but don’t address the inherent shortcomings and deficiency in my skills

2. Will reading ready-made sample essays help me prepare for essays?

3. Don’t know how to start an essay, how to organize one.

4. Can we do well in essays without practicing by re-using our GS paper knowledge alone?

5. Is there a universal format that I can stick to?

That’s why we’ve invested a great deal of energy to create a program the likes of which are offered by no one else

What are we offering and how is it unique?

We’ve innovated at every step of the process.

1. More precise topic selection 

Our research tells us there are 8 broad themes of essays being asked since 2010.

1. Economy

2. Polity

3. Women Issues

4. Education

5. Science & Tech

6. Philosophy

7. IR

8. Miscellaneous

We plan to develop your competencies in each of these themes so you are extremely well prepared for the exam

We will have 14 tests in total where you will get to write 28 essays. 8 tests before prelims and 6 tests after prelims. The 8 tests will be theme-wise. So you would’ve covered all the themes before prelims.

2. An innovative methodology for reviews  

Our biggest innovation lies in our review methodology.

Specific portions of your essay will be highlighted with symbols to indicate issues in essay writing

1. (X) Cross  – FUNDAMENTAL FLAWS like judgments/strong postures which need to be avoided at all costs.

2. (*)Star -APPRECIATION for uniqueness.

3. STRUCTURE is not maintained. Issues with Language and expression.

4. GENERAL SUGGESTIONS for candidates.

Along with this, Sir will also leave specific reviews on strengths and weaknesses

Other institutes suggest additional points which can be googled by the student himself or point out superficial flaws like not sticking to the topic. They don’t necessarily highlight the shortcomings in the essay. This adds very little value to students. We go much beyond that and help students fix major flaws in their essays.

3. Sample Structure, video solutions and personalized attention. 

Sir will discuss the topic in considerable depth, appropriate structure, pitfalls to avoid, etc.

Along with that, Sir will also discuss copies presenting different styles in which the essays could be attempted

This component of the program is the most important.

Students have an incorrect impression that going through a sample essay will somehow help them write better essays. This is absolutely incorrect

While this strategy works for GS because there is a good chance of the question being repeated, with essays it is not true. You have to understand that the broader theme of the essay might be similar but the topics are always unique and require to be tackled differently.

To develop your competency in tackling different topics, you have to be able to come up with appropriate structures This aspect of the program addresses this issue

The expectation from you would be that you study the solutions in detail and try to address the shortcomings in your essays. Should doubts still persist, contact us and we will help get them resolved.

4. Good essay copies 

You will be provided with good essay copies to serve as sample answers. This is a better alternative than sample answers which are hastily written and at times not updated with the latest figures.

5. Improvement tracking excel

Your essays will be marked on the following parameters.

1. Comprehension of the topic
2. Language and Expression
3. Structure and Organisation of thought.
4. Objectivity and Biases. Balance of perception
5. Attitude whether learner or judgmental
6. Focus and attention
7. Content and Source matter, Knowledge and information processing capability
8. Ability to forge links in an interdisciplinary manner
9. The simplicity of disposition
10. Observational Skills

We’d suggest students maintain a copy of the following excel sheet and keep a track of their performance.  https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/12A0G3ypGls8J4tAzcvvg9bKol3vnqPuEj60Ap0E8yp4/edit?usp=sharing

6. Besides these, you will be given the following 

>CD Current Affairs Monthly Magazines.

>Any additional material that we release for essays.

What will be the program structure?

Total of 14 tests (28 essays)

The program starts on 27th October.

Paper will be made live every Saturday.

Before Prelims – 8 Tests (16 essays)

-The first round of 4 tests will have topics from previous year papers that have relevance even today. This will establish your baseline performance.

-It is very important that you understand the uniqueness of topics and expectation of the essays. No better way than to attempt previous year questions and get them reviewed.

-Our reviews will help you deepen your understanding of the Essay Paper.

The time-table is as follows

27 Oct
17 Nov
8 Dec
29 Dec
19 Jan
2nd Feb
16 Feb
2nd Mar

After Prelims – 6 Tests (12 essays)

-On topics with the highest probability of appearing in the exam

We made the decision simpler for you

10% discount for all students joining on or before November 15

30% discount for CD Prime Prelims Test Series Subscribers

20% discount for other old students of our paid programs

Join Comprehensive Essay Guidance Program here (14k + taxes): Click2Join

Join Sectional Tests Essay Guidance Program here (8k + taxes): Click2Join

Hi All,

Apologies for the inconvenience . The mobile app is down for routine maintenance.

We will be back in 4-5 hours.

We request you to please hold on for few hours and use website until we are back.

View the schedule for covering backlog of the previously held tests here: Click2View

We are delighted to launch Batch 2 of Samachar Manthan Yearly Program for 2018-2019. All the students who were not able to join the first batch of the program and were waiting for next 6 months batch can join this yearly batch and cover up the tests and CA portion already covered and also get in sync with the program schedule. This will also help students get entire year CA at one place instead of two separate batches.

The course is designed to help you develop a solid command on your newspaper reading and current affairs analyzing skills. Since it builds your core, it is important for both prelims and mains.

10% discount for all students joining before 25th October (Date of start of yearly batch 2)

Prime Students get their usual discount of 30%

Join Batch 2 of Samachar Manthan Yearly 2018-19 (with Answer Writing Module) here: Click2Join

Join Batch 2 of Samachar Manthan Yearly 2018-19 (only videos and notes) here: Click2Join

For any queries, mail us on hello@civilsdaily.com or message on Whatsapp on 89299-87787

What are we offering and how is it unique?

1. Mentorship and guidance taken to a whole new level 

Once you enroll, you’ll be assigned a Telegram group headed by Sajal Sir and rankers like Dr. Vipin Garg AIR 20, Swapnil Pawar AIR 525 and others.   Our past students have found this immensely beneficial.

• A convenient way to resolve your doubts and queries.
• You’ll be provided with value-added material which is very important.
• You’ll have an ecosystem to study and learn from.
• Above all, it will help you stay focused every day.

Here’s what some of our students had to say about our mentorship.    

2. 4 stage structure of Video->Notes->testing->review to perfect your preparation    The sequence of video->Notes->testing->review is the best way to ensure maximum retention and a rock solid preparation. Each component of the program has been meticulously crafted.

3. Our video lectures and notes on weekly CA are brief but comprehensive   Packed 2 lectures of 2 hours each on a Weekly basis (1 on Sunday & 1 on Tuesday) which will focus on news and its importance from both prelims and mains perspective. We understand that the UPSC exam is a generalist exam.

It’s important to cover more issues than to cover one issue in more depth. Hence, we maintain a fine balance of covering cover many important news items and have a detailed discussion on selected topics which require the same. This program will also help you understand how to utilize current affairs in all your prelims and mains papers. This ideology makes this course the best utilization of your time.

Here’s what some of our students had to say about the lectures.

4. Guest Lectures on specific issues by UPSC Toppers and other expert faculties   Besides the above, you will have access to our monthly magazines and weekly notes/links to important news/external material. You will have access to all modules included in our Mentorship program – Study-plan, strategy discussion, specific weaknesses, overall guidance. Since our mentors will have information about your performance

5. Weekly Mains Test and Evaluation by our team of subject experts   The video and notes will be followed by a test released every weekend. It will have 10 high-quality questions. This will complete your study loop and enhance your retention. >Mains level questions with feedback. Sample review is attached.

     > Answer Enhancement We chose the Question & Answer format because it is perfectly aligned with the requirements of the exam. Having information is very different from presenting it in an answer with a proper structure. This will help in better retention of prelims specific information and prepare a solid ground for your mains prep. After every 2nd test you attempt, you can reach out to our mentors for personalized feedback.

   6. Current Affairs Monthly Prelims Test package This was a feedback we received from many students. They wanted appropriate focus on the current affairs program.

We are also providing 10 Prelims CA tests along with this package.

Join Batch 2 of Samachar Manthan Yearly 2018-19 (with Answer Writing Module) here: Click2Join

Join Batch 2 of Samachar Manthan Yearly 2018-19 (only videos and notes) here: Click2Join

10% discount for all students joining before 25th October (Date of start of yearly batch 2)

Prime Students get their usual discount of 30%

For any queries, mail us on hello@civilsdaily.com or message on Whatsapp on 89299-87787

In GS 4, close to 9 out of 13 questions from Section A came from our 3 Full-Length-Tests. We obviously couldn’t predict the precise quotes and generic questions, but our students could easily attempt those.

•  Agriculture Paper – I

•  Agriculture Paper – II

•  Animal Husbandry and Vet. Science Paper – I

•  Animal Husbandry and Vet. Science Paper – II

•  Anthropology Paper – I

•  Anthropology Paper – II

•  Botany Paper – I

•  Botany Paper – II

•  Chemistry Paper – I

•  Chemistry Paper – II

•  Civil Engineering Paper – I

•  Civil Engineering Paper – II

•  Commerce and Accountancy Paper – I

•  Commerce and Accountancy Paper – II

•  Economics Paper – I

•  Economics Paper – II

•  Electrical Engineering Paper – I

•  Electrical Engineering Paper – II

•  Geography Paper – I

•  Geography Paper – II

•  Geology Paper – I

•  Geology Paper – II

•  History Paper – I

•  History Paper – II

•  Law Paper – I

•  Law Paper – II

•  Management Paper – I

•  Management Paper – II

•  Mathematics Paper – I

•  Mathematics Paper – II

•  Mechanical Engineering Paper – I

•  Mechanical Engineering Paper – II

•  Medical Science Paper – I

•  Medical Science Paper – II

•  Philosophy Paper – I

•  Philosophy Paper – II

•  Physics Paper – I

•  Physics Paper – II

•  Political Science and IR Paper – I

•  Political Science and IR Paper – II

•  Psychology Paper – I

•  Psychology Paper – II

•  Public Administration Paper – I

•  Public Administration Paper – II

•  Sociology Paper – I

•  Sociology Paper – II

•  Statistics Paper – I

•  Statistics Paper – II

•  Zoology Paper – I
• Zoology Paper – II

Click here to view the schedule + detailed syllabus with sources

Click here to know the features and enroll.

Our Mains Test Series had the highest hit ratio among all the Test Series. In GS 1 itself, close to 13 questions came directly from our 3 Full-Length-Tests(60 questions). If you followed our website/study material, you would’ve written above average answers for all questions. YES! All questions.     

*These are not solutions but pointers/line of thought to be followed.

**Please do not look for a precise 1-1 match between the UPSC paper and our Test Series. The comparison is there to help you get a feel of the approach we follow in our Test Series.
***In the comments section, let us know interesting points along with the reasons that could enrich these answers.

1) Safeguarding the Indian art heritage is the need of the moment. Comment (10 marks)

We had written a note on heritage 2 years back.

1. What is heritage erosion and how can we manage it?

2. What are the components of heritage?

It was accessible via clicking on Paper 1 on left sidebar – https://www.civilsdaily.com/gspaper/paper1/

We can’t claim this question but at the same time, we will work to ensure that good content from which questions are expected are made more accessible before the exams.

Approach

>Introduction – Start with defining Indian Art Heritage.

The term heritage has wide connotations spanning across nature, culture, food and other dimensions. Art heritage primarily refers to the tangible heritage comprising of

1.Paintings and art forms

2.Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites

3.Sculpture

4.Scriptures

5.Artifacts

Preserving our heritage is enshrined as a Fundamental Duty in our Constitution

Threats to Art Heritage

1.Lack of public awareness -This makes the local administrator break the buildings and replace it with other structures.

2.Duplication of paintings and art forms

3.Theft

4.Smuggling

Reasons for safeguarding

Cultural

1.Identity and pride of our country.

Economic

2. Tourism involves around monuments.

3. Infrastructure development takes place in and around the areas. Eg. Khajuraho despite being a small village has excellent infrastructure.

4. Creates jobs.

Social

5. It creates a feeling of community, a sense of attachment. enhances a sense of belonging.

Way forward

Strengthening institutions

-Ministry of Culture, ASI, Museums, Archives, etc.

Cultural awareness programs.

-Curriculum modification – Identification and inclusion of heritage as an asset in school, Open departments of Heritage management on the lines of Ahmedabad University

-Introduction of a compulsory offline and online training for tourism purposes willing to undertake ventures.

-Heritage depiction and promotion through immersive technology & augmented reality

-Re-Classify heritage and announce awards for people with exceptional heritage sense.

Adaptive reuse of heritage sites

-Restoring the historical sites in the form of festivals and inducing festivity link perceptions.

2) Assess the importance of the accounts of the Chinese and Arab travelers in the reconstruction of the history of India. (10 marks)

Similar question from Test Series – Round1 GS1

19. Greek and Roman literary account proved extremely useful in writing the history of Ancient India? Discuss.

This shows how our thinking is on the spot. Make a note of this question. Absolutely important for prelims and mains next year.

Approach

Foreign travelers in the past played a more profound role than tourists of the present day. They were agents of civilizational contact and exchange, bringing with them new ideas, skills and technologies and returning with new knowledge.

They left elaborate records of their travels often mentioning facts that native writers simply took for granted and hence ignored.

Chinese travelers visited India during the Gupta and Post-Gupta period when Buddhism was prominent while notable Arab travelers can be seen during the medieval period with the advent of Islamic rulers. Few important accounts are as follows.

Fa-Hien – Account of the Gupta Period

An extensive account of society. first to talk about the caste system and shudras. Shudras were kept outside the town and entered the town by making a noise with a stick. Fahien had also mentioned about Shaiv and Vaishnav religion.

Comprehensive eyewitness account of the history and customs of Central Asia and India.

Economic account. Stated that income of the government was mainly based on the revenue taxes which were one-sixth of the total production.

Similarly, talk about

Hsuan-Tsang – Account during Harshavardhan’s era.

Al Beruni (AD 973 – 1048) – Mahmud of Ghazni. Culture of Indians especially the hindus.

Abdur Razzaq – Vijaynagar Empire

Conclusion – They provide enriching narratives highlighting the diversity of our past.

3) Throw light on the significance of the thoughts of Mahatma Gandhi in the present times. (10 marks)

Similar question from Test Series – Round3 GS1

5. By offering an ideological critique of the western civilization in its modern phase, Gandhiji was effectively contesting the moral legitimacy of the Raj that rested on a stated assumption of the superiority of the west. Comment (10 marks)

One of the most important topics from UPSC perspective relevant for Essay, GS1, GS4. A more difficult question was asked in the test series.

Approach

Start with a line like Gandhi is regarded as the greatest Indian since Gautama Buddha and the greatest man since Jesus Christ.

Elaborate on the following writing 1-2 lines and you’ll score an 8/10.

1.Truth

2.Ahimsa – believer in peace and harmony.

3.Satyagraha

4.Swaraj – Multidimensional concept spanning political, cultural, economic and technological spheres.

5.Dharma – Multidimensional concept meaning many things depending upon the situation – obedience to law, morality, being virtuous, etc.

6.Trusteeship Model – Though a failed model but inspired Corporate Social Responsibility. The best companies in the world invest heavily in social projects.

7.Ram Rajya/ Decentralized polity – Democracy is about giving power to the masses. Debates around strengthening the Panchayati Raj system all based on this ideal.

8.Sarvodaya and Antyodaya

9.Campaign against untouchability

10.Campaign for cleanliness – Inspired swatch bharat.

11.Ethical journalism – Gandhi was a journalist at heart. He published 4 newspapers and used it as a medium to generate awareness.

12.Opposition to western materialism, appreciation for sciences and bringing back spiritualism from our past.

4) Why is the Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS) needed? How does it help in navigation? (10 marks)

Straightforward question.

Approach

IRNSS constellation of eight satellites, NavIC. Three satellites are located in suitable orbital slots in the geostationary orbit and the remaining four are located in geosynchronous orbits with the required inclination and equatorial crossings in two different planes.

It is needed for the following

• Terrestrial, Aerial and Marine Navigation
• Disaster Management
• Vehicle tracking and fleet management
• Integration with mobile phones
• Precise Timing
• Mapping and Geodetic data capture
• Terrestrial navigation aid for hikers and travelers
• Visual and voice navigation for drivers

Besides the above applications, it has implications for India’s security. It will help India become self-reliant to keep a close watch on its boundaries and remove its dependence on US-based GPS. Hence, its military applications remain important.

It is also playing an important role in India’s softer diplomacy by providing services to our neighboring countries.

It helps in navigation in the following manner

>It uses the principle of triangulation.

It requires only three satellites to provide a precise location. The other satellites add to the accuracy.

<draw a diagram with the intersection of 3 circles>

If you are positioned somewhere on Earth with three satellites in the sky and if you know how far away you are from satellite A, then you know you must be located somewhere on the red circle. If you do the same for satellites B and C, you can work out your location by seeing where the three circles intersect.

5) Why is India taking a keen interest in the Arctic Region? (10 marks)

Similar question from Test Series – Round 3 GS 3. 

Q2 As the Arctic has continued to warm and the temperature difference relative to the equator has reduced, many strange climate anomalies have been witnessed around the world. Examine. 

Previously asked mains question on Arctic Council. Since questions are hardly repeated we had left this question.

Approach

The introduction can start with the definition

Arctic Region refers to the polar region located at the northernmost part of Earth. It consists of the Arctic Ocean, adjacent seas, and parts of countries like Alaska, Finland, Greenland, etc.

Once ignored because of the prevalence of ice, it has started gaining importance due to the melting of ice caps because of global warming. Its implications have caught India’s interest.

1. Climate change concerns – Global Warming leading to the melting of ice can lead to the release of more methane and CO2 accelerating Global Warming. This can further lead to a rise in sea levels across the globe impacting India as it remains surrounded by water on 3 sides. This concern needs to be addressed.

2. Navigation routes – New and shorter strategic sea routes that will change the pattern of energy flow on sea lanes of communications (SLOCs).

3.Oil Beds – Arctic seabed may contain substantial oil fields which may become accessible if the ice covering them melts.

4. Finally, Arctic Region is not considered as a global common and its discourse remains dominated by the Arctic Five countries and the Arctic Council. This doesn’t work in India’s favor.

Hence, it’s in India’s interest to make Arctic talks more accessible. With Russia, China already laying their claims on various parts of the region, India should try to push its agenda in the Arctic Council. It should try to ensure that developing countries have a say in the matters of Arctic Region. This will not only ensure that its economic, security and environmental interests are protected but will see India play a leadership role in promoting south-south solidarity.

6) Define mantle plume and explain its role in plate tectonics. (10 marks)

Similar question from Test Series – Round1 GS1 

16. Without magma man’s survival and progress would have been difficult. Comment.

17. The theory of plate tectonics has greatly contributed to our understanding of the earth. Comment.

Though not precisely the same question, attempting the test would’ve ensured that you don’t leave the question blank and write some quality points on plate tectonics and mantle.

7) What are the consequences of spreading of ‘Dead Zones’ on marine ecosystem? (10 marks)

8) “Caste system is assuming new identities and associational forms. Hence, the caste system cannot be eradicated in India.” Comment. (10 marks)

Similar question from Test Series – Round 2 GS1 

Q.18) Caste in its old form is irrelevant and cannot exist in the modern or contemporary Indian society. Comment(15)

Hope you appreciate the similarities in the questions. We asked Caste in its old form is irrelevant and the question said caste system is assuming new identities and associational forms. Had you gone through the model answer, you would’ve gotten some rich points to attempt this question.

9) ‘Despite the implementation of various programmes for the eradication of poverty by the government in India, poverty is still existing’. Explain by giving reasons. (10 marks).

Very general question. Asked across our TS in GS1, GS2, GS3 in various forms linking with lack of female participation, etc.

10) How the Indian concept of secularism different from the western model of secularism? Discuss. (10 marks)

Similar question from Test Series Round 2 GS1

Q.19) India needs a reinvented secularism 2.0 rooted in the complete separation of religion and state. Critically comment(15)

Approach

Secularism broadly refers to the separation of religion from state and its confinement to the private sphere. It’s a western construct whose roots can be traced back to the treaty of Westphalia which called for state sovereignty and its separation of religion. However, the relationship between religion and states remain complex.

There are 2 prominent models of secularism regarded as western models

1.France –> wall of separation model – which calls for a water-tight separation between the religion and state exists. The state actively tries to confine people’s religion to their private spheres and bans public appearances. Eg. banning burkinis, hijab, etc.

2.USA -> no-preference model – which calls for equal treatment of all religions by the state and no preferential treatment. In USA, you have every right to wear your religion in public.

The version of Indian Secularism has been a matter of intense debate. Secularism is a part of the Preamble and the Constitution calls for no discrimination on the basis of religion. However, it also allows the state to intervene in matters of religion via Art. 25-30. The DPSP for establishing UCC also goes against the principles of Secularism.

Some matters where the state has interfered

1.The Hindu Marriage Act.
2.The Triple Talaq Ban
3.Jallikatu, Temple Entry, etc.
Hence one can see it is neither a wall of separation model nor a no-preference model.
The Indian Secularism can be best described as that of ‘Principled Distance’. The doctrine of Principled Distance allows states to interfere in matters of religion to stop discrimination and ensure that all religion are treated equally.

11) The Bhakti movement received a remarkable re-orientation with the advent of Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu. Discuss. (15 marks)

Similar question from Test Series – Round3 G S1

4.Kabir was one of the chief exponents of the Bhakti movement in the medieval period. Discuss the Relevance of the teachings of Kabir in Contemporary India? (10 marks)

Instead of Chaitanya, we asked Kabir. We could’ve asked any Bhakti saint like Dadu Dayal, Tulsi Das. We went with Kabir so students could at least attempt Kabir if it was asked in the exam.

Approach

Chaitanya – Bengal+Orissa. He takes Bhakti Movement to the east of India where it flourishes.
Popularised Kirtans
Founder of Gaudiya Samaj. Gaudiya Vaishnavism.
Gaudiya Nritya is one of the dances accepted in the UNESCO world heritage.
Bhidabhida philosophy school.

Leads to many important cultural developments in east India.

15) Defining blue revolution, explain the problems and strategies for pisciculture development in India. (15 marks)

Straightforward question asked in GS3. 

16) What is the significance of Industrial Corridors in India? Identifying industrial corridors, explain their main characteristics. (15 marks)

Approach

Industrial Corridors are envisioned to create a strong economic base with the globally competitive environment and state-of-the-art infrastructure to activate local commerce, enhance foreign investments and attain sustainable development
Their significance is as follows
1. The corridor approach is a proven concept to ensure industrial development in under-utilized regions.
2. Integration between industry and infrastructure
-World class infrastructure such as high-speed transportation (rail, road) network, ports with state-of-the-art cargo handling equipment, modern airports, special economic regions/ industrial areas, logistic parks/transshipment hubs, knowledge parks focused on feeding industrial needs, complementary infrastructure such as townships/ real estate, and other urban infrastructure along with enabling policy framework.
3. Opportunities for private sector investment in the provision of various infrastructure projects associated with the exploitation industrial opportunity. Enhancing ‘Make in India’.
4. Ensure smooth access to industrial production units, decreased transportation, and communications costs, improved delivery time and reduction in inventory cost. The strategy of an industrial corridor is thus intended to develop a sound industrial base, served by world-class competitive infrastructure as a prerequisite for attracting investments into export-oriented industries and manufacturing.
5. Technological Prowess.
6. Social Upliftment.

Write a few unique points about the following, the involvement of foreign organizations, etc.
Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor
Chennai Bengaluru Industrial Corridor
Bengaluru Mumbai Economic Corridor
Amritsar Kolkata Industrial Corridor
East Coast Economic Corridor

17) Mention core strategies for the transformation of aspirational districts in India and explain the nature of convergence, collaboration, and competition for its success. (15 marks)

18) ‘Women’s movement in India has not addressed the issues of women of lower social strata.’ Substantiate your view. (15 marks)

Approach

Women’s movement in India has come a long way since the humble efforts of Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Ishwar Chand Vidyasagar to fight for women’s rights.

In their time, it was the upper social strata who were subjected to inhumane practices like Sati. However, the scenario seems to have changed today. Women of lower social strata either belonging to lower castes, minority religion or economically backward regions continue to face hardships.

Political sphere
-elite women with influence occupying offices in governments, panchayats and other bodies.
Economic sphere
-glass ceiling breaking in corporations like google, microsoft. But the wage gap remains prominent for semi-skilled and unskilled workers.
Social sphere
The worst forms of Patriarchy is more prominent in the lower social strata. Haryana with primarily agricultural economy had the poorest child sex ratio.
Education sphere
Access to both lower and higher education remains limited.

Women empowerment can happen when everyone works towards it – the government, society, families, and individuals.

The government programs targeted towards women empowerment have started to bear fruits. Beti Bachao Beti Padhao, Dhanlaxmi scheme and others have acted as catalysts to promote behavior and mindset changes.

The society should be forthcoming to support women. The story of Phogat Sisters tells us how women can bring accolades to the country. All started with a father, an individual questioning established norms.

19) ‘Globalisation is generally said to promote cultural homogenisation but due to this cultural specificities appear to be strengthened in the Indian society.’ Elucidate.

Similar question from Test Series – Round 2 GS1

18. While Globalization has destroyed many traditional practices and Industries in India it has also given new lease of life to some of them who were on the ventilator. Examine. (15)

We did not ask a question on Globalization and culture as it had been asked by UPSC before. Hence we went with other dimension of Globalization. 

Approach

Globalisation refers to the increases interconnected due to technological advancements leading to a shrinking of time and space and flattening of the world. Though thought of as an economic phenomena, it is now accepted to impact all spheres of life – political, social and cultural.

In its initial days, globalisation was equated with westernisation or americanisation which meant that the culture of the west was spreading across the globe. One could travel to new york and new delhi and find them to be similar in almost all spheres including culture. Thus globalisation was supposed to have a homogenizing tendency.

However, the relationship between globalisation and culture is a complex one. Globalisation has not been able to replace old existing cultures. Instead evidence suggests that globalisation has strengthened them and even modified them.

1.Indian cuisines traveling to the west
Indian food restaurants are now available all around the world. Indian curries and masalas have also become a part of our soft power diplomacy.
2.Ancient indian practices like yoga and ayurveda being adopted around the globe.
People are now looking for the most authentic experience.
3. With the advent of ecommerce, global value chains and internet, local arts and crafts are also
Top hotels of the world are buying handwoven Indian designs sourced from traditional communities. Ikkat, block painting, etc designs are gaining popularity world over.
4.Traditional Indian forms of music and communities like the Manganiars are being studied in the Berkeley School of Music.
5. Contemporary cinema Bollywood has increased its fan following across the globe.

At the same time, local cultures are modifying western cultures. McDonalds serving a menu catering to Indian taste buds is a case in point. This phenomena has been termed as ‘glocalization’

From the above, it can be seen that the relationship between globalisation and culture is complex with each impacting the other. The above examples indeed prove that cultural specificities appear to be strengthened in the Indian society.

20) ‘Communalism arises either due to power struggle or relative deprivation.’ Argue by giving suitable illustrations. (15 marks)

Communalism in the Indian context refers to the ideology which states that society is divided into different religious communities whose interests differ from, and at times oppose, each other. Historically, Indian society has been regarded as  a melting pot of various religions that have been tolerant of each other. However, the British policy of divide and rule laid the foundations of communalism which the Indian state has found hard to tackle post-independence.

Communalism indeed arises due to power struggle and relative deprivation

Power struggle
-Power struggle between political parties leading to vote bank politics with each trying to garner votes based on identity markers such as religion. Eg. Congress and BJP both trying to appease Muslims and in turn strengthening the Hindu Muslim divide.
-Between majority and minority groups. Eg. Sikhs and Hindus.

Relative deprivation

Deprivation makes groups to fight for limited resources.
-Case with Assamese and Non-Assamese. Deprivation of the native groups led to movements throughout the state.
Deprivation makes it easier to influence a group. Rather than self-introspect they blame others for their condition. It causes them to support anyone who can help them marginally move above their misery.
-Vice President Ansari had pointed out the relative deprivation among Muslims to be the biggest causes of communal tension.

Long-Term Remedy for Communalism

1. There is a need to initiate the process of de-communalization of the people at all levels, say, by exposing communal assumptions, by explaining to them the socio-economic and political roots of communalism, and by letting them know that what the communalists project as problems are not the real problem and what they suggest as remedies are not the real remedies.
2. Communalism of state and of the political elite in power has to be checked because it leads to inaction against communal violence and covert or overt political and ideological support to communalism by the state apparatuses, including the media under state control.
3. Communalization of civil society also needs to be checked because it leads to more communal roots and other forms of communal violence. It is here that intellectuals, political parties, and voluntary organizations can be the most effective.
4. The role of education, particularly value-oriented education, both in schools and colleges is important in preventing communal feelings.
5. The media can prove to be significant in preventing communal feelings. Communal press can be banned and legal action can be taken against communal writers.
6. 6.   The ideology that economic development, industrialization, the growth of capitalism and the growth of the working class would automatically weaken and ultimately eliminate communalism should not be overplayed.

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