Kaziranga National Park

Prelims Only | Enviro & Biodiversity | Mains Paper 3: Conservation, Environmental Pollution & Degradation, Eia

Why in the News?

A sub-adult female tiger from Kamakhya Reserve Forest in Assam strayed near Kaziranga National Park and was attacked by locals.

	Details
About	• Located in the Golaghat, Sonitpur, Biswanath, and Nagaon districts of Assam, India. • Spans 430 sq. km. (166 square miles). • Established as a reserve forest in 1905, declared as a National park in 1974, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. • Declared as a Tiger Reserve in 2006.
Geographical Features	• The park is crisscrossed by the Brahmaputra River along with numerous small bodies of water. • Dominated by tall elephant grass, marshland, and tropical moist broadleaf forests. • Terrain includes sandbars, *beels* (flood-formed lakes), and *chapories* (elevated areas).
Flora and Fauna	Flora: Includes 4 main vegetation types: alluvial inundated grasslands, alluvial savanna woodlands, tropical moist mixed deciduous forests, and tropical semi-evergreen forests. Fauna: Home to 35 mammalian species(15 threatened), it also includes the world’s largest populations of Indian rhinoceros (2,613), wild water buffalo (1,666), swamp deer (468), elephants (1,940), gaur (1,300), and sambar (58). • Important bird area with 57 species of birds, including migratory species. • Rich biodiversity, including significant populations of chital, Indian muntjac, wild boar, and hog deer.

[2013] Consider the following pairs:

National Park River flowing through the Park

1. Corbett National Park : Ganga

2. Kaziranga National Park : Manas

3. Silent Valley National Park : Kaveri

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

(a) 1 and 2

(b) 3 only

(d) None

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